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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Fundamental polygon ： ウィキペディア英語版 Fundamental polygon In mathematics, each closed surface in the sense of geometric topology can be constructed from an even-sided oriented polygon, called a fundamental polygon, by pairwise identification of its edges. This construction can be represented as a string of length 2''n'' of ''n'' distinct symbols where each symbol appears twice with exponent either +1 or −1. The exponent −1 signifies that the corresponding edge has the orientation opposing the one of the fundamental polygon.〔Alan F. Beardon, ''The Geometry of Discrete Groups'' (1983), Springer-Verlag, New York. ISBN 0-387-90788-2.〕〔Hershel M. Farkas and Irwin Kra, ''Riemann Surfaces'' (1980), Springer-Verlag, New York. ISBN 0-387-90465-4.〕〔Jurgen Jost, ''Compact Riemann Surfaces'' (2002), Springer-Verlag, New York. ISBN 3-540-43299-X.〕 ==Examples== * Sphere: $A\; A^$ or $A\; B\; B^\; A^$ * Real projective plane: $A\; A$ or $A\; B\; A\; B$ * Klein bottle: $A\; B\; A\; B^$ or $A\; A\; B\; B$ * Torus: $A\; B\; A^\; B^$ or $A\; B\; C\; A^\; B^\; C^$ 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fundamental polygon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.